However carefully you brush, some plaque is always left behind — especially between the teeth and at the gum line. Within about 24–72 hours it mineralises through minerals in saliva and becomes calculus. Calculus is hard and bonds to the tooth so firmly that it cannot be removed at home with any brush, floss or toothpaste.
Why calculus is harmful
Calculus itself does not directly damage the tooth. The problem is its porous surface, an ideal home for bacteria. They cause gum inflammation which, left untreated, develops into periodontitis and destroys the bone holding the tooth. Calculus is also the main cause of persistent bad breath.
Two different procedures
- Scaling. An ultrasonic instrument breaks calculus off the tooth surface. It deals with hard deposits at and below the gum line.
- AirFlow. A fine jet of soda or glycine powder, water and air removes soft plaque and staining — from coffee, tea, wine and smoking. It reaches into the spaces and fissures an instrument cannot.
They complement each other: hard calculus is removed first, then the surface is polished with AirFlow. A smooth surface collects new plaque more slowly.
Prices in Tallinn
- Scale and stain removal by a hygienist — €100
- Scaling a single tooth — €15
- Oral hygiene instruction — €10
- Preventive procedures (fluoride, sealant) up to 4 teeth — €15
- First consultation with examination — €30
How often it is needed
For most people, twice a year. More often — every 3–4 months — for:
- patients diagnosed with periodontitis;
- smokers;
- those with implants or extensive prosthetics;
- people with diabetes;
- those whose calculus forms quickly — this is individual and depends on saliva composition.
Is it painful?
With healthy gums the procedure is uncomfortable but not painful. If the gums are inflamed or the tooth necks exposed it can be tender — a numbing gel or injected anaesthetic is then used. Afterwards the gums may be sensitive and bleed slightly for a couple of days, which is normal.
What it does not do
A professional cleaning removes surface staining and restores the tooth’s natural shade, but it will not make a tooth lighter than it naturally is. If you want a lighter result you need whitening — and cleaning is its prerequisite.
Book a hygiene appointment at Unidenta in Tallinn, Fr. R. Kreutzwaldi 24. During the same visit the hygienist will also review your brushing technique and recommend the right tools for you.