Periodontitis is a serious gum disease that affects the tissues that support the teeth, including the gums, jawbone, and periodontal ligaments. It can lead to tooth movement, bleeding gums, bad breath, and eventually tooth loss if left untreated. Treatment for periodontitis is aimed at reducing inflammation, rebuilding gums and bone, and preventing further progression of the disease.

Stages of Periodontal Treatment:

• Professional Cleaning (Scaling and Scaling): The first step in treating periodontitis is to remove tartar and plaque from below the gums. This involves a deep cleaning, which removes tartar, soft plaque, and bacteria that cause gingivitis. This procedure is also called scaling and scaling. The cleaning can be done either normally or in deeper layers extending from the gum line.
• Antibiotics and mouthwashes: If the infection is extensive or if deep softening is not enough, dentists may prescribe antibiotics to help fight bacteria. Antibiotics can be given orally or topically (gels and medications applied to the gums). Antibacterial mouthwashes can also help reduce the number of bacteria and inflammation.
• Surgical treatment: If conservative methods are not effective and periodontitis has progressed, surgery may be necessary. Surgical methods may include: 1) Gum surgery – cutting and lifting the gums to remove damaged tissue or reduce gum inflammation. 2) Bone grafting – If the jawbone is damaged, bone grafting may be necessary to restore lost bone support and prevent tooth movement. 3) Regenerative surgery – a method in which special membranes and biomaterials are placed under the gums to stimulate bone and tissue growth.
• Patient Care and Prevention: Periodontal disease treatment does not end after a dental visit. After treatment, it is important to maintain strict oral hygiene, including daily brushing, flossing, and using antibacterial mouthwashes. Regular visits to the dentist for professional cleanings are also recommended to prevent recurrence of the disease.
• Follow-up and Maintenance: After periodontitis treatment, it is important to visit the dentist regularly to monitor the condition of the gums and bone. Check-ups every 3-6 months help to detect possible signs of inflammation or infection early and ensure that the treatment has been successful.

Important recommendations for preventing periodontitis:

• Regular oral hygiene: Daily brushing and flossing help prevent the buildup of bacteria and inflammation.
• Healthy diet: A balanced diet that contains enough vitamins and minerals is important for gum health.
• Avoid smoking: Smoking significantly increases the risk of periodontitis, as it impairs blood circulation in the gums and promotes the development of inflammation.

Treatment of periodontitis is important not only for oral health, but also for the well-being of the whole body, as the inflammatory process in the gums can affect the development of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and other chronic diseases. Early detection and timely treatment help to avoid serious consequences and maintain oral hygiene and dental health.